{"id":4932,"date":"2022-09-05T20:17:47","date_gmt":"2022-09-05T18:17:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.knifet.com\/cs\/?page_id=4932"},"modified":"2025-12-14T19:56:05","modified_gmt":"2025-12-14T18:56:05","slug":"historie-noze","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.knifet.com\/cs\/historie-noze\/","title":{"rendered":"Historie no\u017ee"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t
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Historie no\u017ee<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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V\u00fdznam no\u017ee pro v\u00fdvoj \u010dlov\u011bka<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Jak\u00fd vyn\u00e1lez m\u011bl pro v\u00fdvoj \u010dlov\u011bka nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdznam? Bylo to kolo, knihtisk nebo parn\u00ed stroj? Nebo Facebook? Chyba l\u00e1vky, byl to pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b n\u016f\u017e.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

Pro\u010d byl n\u016f\u017e pro v\u00fdvoj tak z\u00e1sadn\u00ed? Umo\u017e\u0148oval jeho majiteli d\u011blat pr\u00e1ce, kter\u00e9 bez n\u011bj nezvl\u00e1dl. A co v\u00edc, dok\u00e1zal je d\u011blat ve velmi kr\u00e1tk\u00e9m \u010dase. N\u016f\u017e tedy na\u0161im p\u0159edk\u016fm p\u0159inesl \u010das, b\u011bhem kter\u00e9ho mohli rozv\u00edjet sv\u00e9 dovednosti a vz\u00e1jemnou komunikaci.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\"Historie\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Po\u010d\u00e1tky historie no\u017ee<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Historie no\u017ee zapo\u010dala u\u017e p\u0159ed 2,5 miliony lety, tedy v dob\u011b, kdy na sv\u011bt\u011b \u017eili p\u0159edch\u016fdci \u010dlov\u011bka. Byl jedn\u00edm z prvn\u00edch n\u00e1stroj\u016f, kter\u00e9 si obyvatel\u00e9 Zem\u011b osvojili. Od t\u011bch \u010das\u016f prov\u00e1z\u00ed n\u016f\u017e \u010dlov\u011bka a\u017e do sou\u010dasnosti. Nen\u00ed tedy divu, \u017ee \u010dlov\u011bk m\u00e1 k tomuto n\u00e1stroji zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed pouto.<\/span><\/p>

U\u017e v prehistorick\u00fdch dob\u00e1ch lid\u00e9 n\u016f\u017e pou\u017e\u00edvali nejen k lovu, ale tak\u00e9 k p\u0159e\u017eit\u00ed. Pozd\u011bji se no\u017ee staly nezbytn\u00fdmi n\u00e1stroji pro stavbu p\u0159\u00edst\u0159e\u0161\u00ed a p\u0159\u00edpravu j\u00eddel. P\u016fvodn\u00ed no\u017ee byly pouh\u00e9 ostr\u00e9 p\u0159edm\u011bty a a\u017e postupn\u011b se vyvinuly v modern\u00ed n\u016f\u017e, kter\u00fd zn\u00e1me dnes.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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Technologick\u00fd pokrok<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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P\u016fvodn\u00ed no\u017ee byly vyrobeny ze d\u0159eva, kost\u00ed a kamene. V\u00fdznamnou roli sehr\u00e1l zejm\u00e9na pazourek, m\u011bkk\u00fd k\u00e1men, kter\u00fd lze snadno tvarovat. Objev metalurgie umo\u017enil v\u00fdrobu n\u00e1stroj\u016f z kovu. No\u017ee se vyr\u00e1b\u011bly z m\u011bdi, bronzu, \u017eeleza a uhl\u00edkat\u00e9 oceli.<\/span><\/p>

Dne\u0161n\u00ed no\u017ee jsou nej\u010dast\u011bji z oceli, p\u0159\u00edpadn\u011b z keramiky nebo titanu.<\/span><\/p>

V\u00fdznamnou ud\u00e1lost\u00ed v historii no\u017ee byl objev nerezov\u00e9 oceli. D\u00edky n\u011bmu se pou\u017eit\u00ed no\u017ee velmi roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159ilo zejm\u00e9na v gastronomii.<\/span><\/p>

Samostatnou kapitolou je v\u00fdvoj rukojeti no\u017ee. Na po\u010d\u00e1tku historie no\u017ee \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e1 rukoje\u0165 neexistovala, \u010depel s ost\u0159\u00edm se p\u0159\u00edmo dr\u017eela v ruce. V dob\u011b kamenn\u00e9 lid\u00e9 p\u0159i\u0161li na to, \u017ee l\u00e9pe se pracuje s n\u00e1strojem, kter\u00fd m\u00e1 zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1st ur\u010denou k dr\u017een\u00ed, vznikl n\u016f\u017e s rukojet\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>

P\u016fvodn\u011b tvo\u0159ila rukoje\u0165 s \u010depel\u00ed no\u017ee jeden celek. Rukoje\u0165 z jin\u00e9ho materi\u00e1lu se objevila a\u017e v keltsk\u00e9 kultu\u0159e zhruba 600 tis. let p\u0159ed na\u0161\u00edm letopo\u010dtem. Prvn\u00ed rukojeti byly vyrobeny z kost\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>

Pozd\u011bji se objevily rukojeti d\u0159ev\u011bn\u00e9, kovov\u00e9, ko\u017een\u00e9. V dne\u0161n\u00ed dob\u011b se na rukojeti pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed nejr\u016fzn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed materi\u00e1ly od p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00edch a\u017e po syntetick\u00e9. Mezi t\u00edm jsou tzv. stabilizovan\u00e9 materi\u00e1ly, co\u017e jsou p\u0159\u00edrodniny (d\u0159evo, rohovina, ale i jin\u00e9) napu\u0161t\u011bn\u00e9 syntetickou prysky\u0159ic\u00ed kv\u016fli zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed odolnosti.<\/span><\/p>

Ve st\u0159edov\u011bk\u00e9 Evrop\u011b se no\u017ee staly v\u011bt\u0161\u00edmi a del\u0161\u00edmi a vyvinuly se v me\u010d. Pozd\u011bji se za\u010daly objevovat dal\u0161\u00ed zbran\u011b jako o\u0161t\u011bpy a sekery, a tak se n\u016f\u017e stal v\u00e1le\u010dnou zbran\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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N\u016f\u017e ve spole\u010dnosti<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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No\u017ee se \u0161iroce pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed p\u0159i p\u0159\u00edprav\u011b j\u00eddel. B\u011bhem 15. stolet\u00ed za\u010dali bohat\u00ed mu\u017ei nosit no\u017ee, kter\u00e9 m\u011bly dvoj\u00ed \u00fa\u010del: na obranu a jako n\u00e1stroj k j\u00eddlu. V t\u011bchto dob\u00e1ch hostitel\u00e9 nenab\u00edzeli sv\u00fdm host\u016fm n\u00e1dob\u00ed nebo p\u0159\u00edbory. Host\u00e9 si s sebou za\u010dali nosit no\u017ee, aby mohli kr\u00e1jet sv\u00e9 j\u00eddlo. Od 17. stolet\u00ed se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed no\u017e\u016f k j\u00eddlu roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159ilo.<\/span><\/p>

K zaj\u00edmav\u00e9mu v\u00fdvoji do\u0161lo koncem 30. let 17. stolet\u00ed. Ve snaze omezit agresivn\u00ed chov\u00e1n\u00ed lid\u00ed p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010dil kardin\u00e1l Richelieu kr\u00e1le Ludv\u00edka XIV., aby v\u00fdnosem zak\u00e1zal pou\u017eit\u00ed ostr\u00fdch no\u017e\u016f p\u0159i stolov\u00e1n\u00ed. D\u00edky tomu vznikl j\u00eddeln\u00ed n\u016f\u017e s kulatou \u0161pi\u010dkou, jak ho zn\u00e1me dnes. Proto\u017ee kulat\u00fdm no\u017eem nejde napichovat, vznikla pak i vidli\u010dka se 4 hroty.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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No\u017ee dnes<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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No\u017ee slou\u017e\u00ed k nejr\u016fzn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm \u00fa\u010del\u016fm. Zn\u00e1me loveck\u00e9 no\u017ee, t\u00e1bornick\u00e9 no\u017ee, no\u017ee na va\u0159en\u00ed, stolov\u00e1n\u00ed, bojov\u00e9 no\u017ee i no\u017ee ob\u0159adn\u00ed. Dnes jsou st\u00e1le popul\u00e1rn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed EDC no\u017ee (no\u017ee na ka\u017edodenn\u00ed no\u0161en\u00ed<\/a>), kter\u00e9 nep\u0159ek\u00e1\u017e\u00ed a mohou b\u00fdt st\u00e1le po ruce.<\/span><\/p>

Vzhled, tvar i <\/span>materi\u00e1ly<\/span><\/a>, z nich jsou no\u017ee vyr\u00e1b\u011bny, se v\u017edy pod\u0159izoval nejen \u00fa\u010delu, ale i m\u00f3d\u011b a osobn\u00edmu vkusu. V\u017edy platilo, \u017ee n\u016f\u017e odr\u00e1\u017e\u00ed osobnost sv\u00e9ho majitele.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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N\u016f\u017e a pr\u00e1vo<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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V souvislosti s histori\u00ed no\u017ee stoj\u00ed za zm\u00ednku jeho propojen\u00ed s kulturou a pr\u00e1vem. N\u016f\u017e toti\u017e slou\u017eil nejen jako n\u00e1stroj, ale i jako zbra\u0148. Majiteli tedy poskytoval v\u00fdhodu nad potenci\u00e1ln\u00edmi soupe\u0159i. V\u017edy byly v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed \u010di men\u0161\u00ed snahy vlastnictv\u00ed a no\u0161en\u00ed no\u017ee regulovat.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

S t\u011bmito tendencemi se setk\u00e1v\u00e1me i dnes. Jsou st\u00e1ty, kde vlastnictv\u00ed no\u017ee a jeho dr\u017een\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt trestn\u00e9. Trest\u00e1 se tedy pouh\u00e1 schopnost sp\u00e1chat n\u011bjakou nepravost. Na\u0161t\u011bst\u00ed \u010cesk\u00e1 republika pat\u0159\u00ed k liber\u00e1ln\u00edm zem\u00edm, kde se na n\u016f\u017e d\u00edv\u00e1me jako na n\u00e1stroj.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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P\u0159esto\u017ee dnes ji\u017e n\u016f\u017e nehraje v \u017eivot\u011b \u010dlov\u011bka tak z\u00e1sadn\u00ed roli, jak tomu b\u00fdvalo d\u0159\u00edve, je st\u00e1le mnoho lid\u00ed, kte\u0159\u00ed cht\u011bj\u00ed kvalitn\u00ed n\u016f\u017e vlastnit. Pro\u010d? Proto\u017ee n\u016f\u017e m\u00e1 svoji du\u0161i.<\/span><\/p>

V\u00edce o historii no\u017ee najdete zde<\/a>.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Historie no\u017ee V\u00fdznam no\u017ee pro v\u00fdvoj \u010dlov\u011bka Jak\u00fd vyn\u00e1lez m\u011bl pro v\u00fdvoj \u010dlov\u011bka nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdznam? Bylo to kolo, knihtisk nebo parn\u00ed stroj? Nebo Facebook? Chyba l\u00e1vky, byl to pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b n\u016f\u017e.\u00a0 Pro\u010d byl n\u016f\u017e pro v\u00fdvoj tak z\u00e1sadn\u00ed? Umo\u017e\u0148oval jeho majiteli d\u011blat pr\u00e1ce, kter\u00e9 bez n\u011bj nezvl\u00e1dl. A co v\u00edc, dok\u00e1zal je d\u011blat ve velmi kr\u00e1tk\u00e9m […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":4962,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-4932","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.knifet.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/4932","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.knifet.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.knifet.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.knifet.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.knifet.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4932"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.knifet.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/4932\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.knifet.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/4962"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.knifet.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4932"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}